Thursday, 13 June 2013

Configure and Deploy Drupal Site on EC2 Instance

This tutorial will help you to do deployments (code + database) on EC2 server. This tutorial can be used for other Fedora based servers as well.

There are five steps to deploy a Drupal site on EC2 instance...
  1. Install upgrade LAMP Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP Stack
  2. Configure server IP tables (For EC2 it is required)
  3. Move code to server
  4. Move database to server
  5. Change database settings of Drupal

1. Install LAMP Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP Stack Using Yum

Installing LAMP stack using yum is a good choice, if you want to keep things simple and just use the default configuration. Following are the steps

  1.1. Install Apache using Yum

To check apache is already installed on server
# rpm -qa | grep httpd
If above command do not return anything then run following command to install apache...
# yum install httpd
To verify that apache is installed run following command...
# rpm -qa | grep -i http
Use following command to enable httpd service to start automatically during system startup...
# chkconfig httpd on
Start the apache...
# service httpd start

1.2. Install MySQL using Yum

Run following command to install the mysql server...
# yum install mysql-server
Verify whether MySQL got installed properly.
# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
To check mysql version use following command....
# mysql -V
Outout will be like > mysql  Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.51a, for redhat-linux-gnu (i386) using readline 5.0
Use following command to configure MySQL to start automatically during system startup....
# chkconfig mysqld on
Start MySQL service....
# service mysqld start

1.3. Perform MySQL post-installation configurations

After the mysql installation, you can login to mysql root account without providing any password as shown below.
# mysql -u root
There is a security risk as no authentication is required to intract with mysql. To fix this problem, you need to assign a password to mysql root account. Execute mysql_secure_installation script, which performs the following activities:
a)      Assign the root password
b)      Remove the anonymous user
c)       Disallow root login from remote machines
d)      Remove the default sample test database
Simply run following commnad...
# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL root user without the proper authorization.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password: [Note: Enter the mysql root password here]
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without a user account.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.  You should remove anonymous account before moving into a production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
- Dropping test database...... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Verify the MySQL post-install activities:
# mysql -u root
ERROR 1045 (28000):Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'(using password:NO)
[Note: root access without password is denied]
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
This will work

1.4. Install PHP using Yum

Run following command to install PHP...
# yum install php
Verify that php got installed successfully.
# rpm -qa | grep -i php
Install MySQL module for PHP.
# yum search php-mysql
# yum install php-mysql
If you need additional PHP modules, install them using yum as shown below.
# yum install php-common php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-devel php-xml php-gd            

2.  Configure server IP tables (For EC2 it is required)

Disable / Turn off Linux Firewall (Red hat/CentOS/Fedora Core)

Type the following two commands (you must login as the root user):
# /etc/init.d/iptables save
# /etc/init.d/iptables stop

Turn off firewall on boot:
# chkconfig iptables off

3. Move code to server

  • Install git on server... #yum install git
  • Get clone of code using #git clone URL 
  • Checkout specific (staging) branch  #git checkout staging
  • Pull code  #git pull origin staging

4.  Move database to server

There are two methods to move database to server.

             4.1. Push database on server and import
  • Export database
  • Push .sql file on server
  • Create new database on server and import database on server using command #mysql –u root –p –h localhost databasename < mydatabase.sql

              4.2. Install phpmyadmin and import database using phpmyadmin
  •  sudo yum install epel-release
  •  sudo yum install phpmyadmin
  • Edit  sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf and put following configurations
  • # phpMyAdmin - Web based MySQL browser written in php
    #
    # Allows only localhost by default
    #
    # But allowing phpMyAdmin to anyone other than localhost should be considered
    # dangerous unless properly secured by SSL

    Alias /phpMyAdmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
    Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
    <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/>
       order deny,allow
       deny from all
       allow from all
    </Directory>  
  • Restart apache # service httpd restart
  • Goto www.ursite.com/phpmyadmin and login using mysql credentials
  •  Create new database and import .sql file

5. Change database settings of Drupal

     5.1. Goto sites/default
    5.2. Open settings.php and set proper database settings
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